Madison County Well Water Testing
Private-well guidance for Madison County, Georgia: USGS area-risk estimates for arsenic and nitrate, a recommended test panel, and how to get your own well tested at a Georgia-certified lab.
Madison County groundwater risk (area estimates)
These are modeled USGS estimates for the county area — not a measurement of your specific well.
Arsenic
area estimate1%
modeled chance a well in this area exceeds 10 µg/L (the EPA limit).
2% chance of exceeding 5 µg/L.
Most-probable concentration category: <=5 ug/L.
Nitrate
area estimate1.21 mg/L
predicted nitrate (as N) for domestic-supply depth.
This estimate is below the 10 mg/L EPA limit, but individual wells can still exceed it.
Private wells
area estimate17,845
people on private wells in Madison County.
Roughly 7,138 households, estimated from the USGS modeled domestic-supply population.
Area context
Additional state-only or optional layers for Madison County, shown where the data exists.
Uranium
area estimateA state-only uranium model is not available for Georgia. See observed samples and test your own well to learn its uranium level.
Radon
area estimateA state-only radon model is not available for Georgia. See observed samples and test your own well to learn its radon level.
Primary aquifer
area contextWells in Madison County most likely draw from the Piedmont and Blue Ridge crystalline-rock aquifers (USGS national aquifer code 611). This is the dominant principal aquifer mapped under the county area, not a determination for any single well.
Agricultural land use
area contextAbout 1% of the Madison County area is row-crop farmland (USDA Cropland Data Layer). Intensively farmed row-crop land raises the likelihood of elevated nitrate in nearby groundwater, so it is a reason to include nitrate in your test panel. This is land-use context for the county area — not a measurement of nitrate in any well.
These figures are USGS area estimates: statistical groundwater models describing how likely elevated contaminant levels are across a county. They are not designed to predict the concentration in any single well. Only testing your own well reveals its water quality.
Recommended test panel for Madison County
- coliform
Coliform bacteria is recommended for every private well as the universal baseline test. The federal loan minimum (FHA, VA, USDA) tests for coliform, nitrate, nitrite, lead.
Federal FHA, VA, and USDA home loans require testing for coliform, nitrate, nitrite, lead at the point of a federally-backed loan. See the program-specific rules: FHA well test, VA well test, USDA well test.
Already have lab results? Interpret your well water test results to see how your own numbers compare to EPA limits.
How Madison County compares across Georgia
Where Madison County's modeled area estimates sit relative to the other Georgia counties in our analysis.
- Arsenicbelow the Georgia median
Madison County: 1% · Georgia median: 1% · flagged in 0 of 159 counties.
See all Georgia arsenic data → - Nitrateabove the Georgia median
Madison County: 1.21 mg/L · Georgia median: 0.32 mg/L · flagged in 0 of 159 counties.
See all Georgia nitrate data →
Municipal (public) water in Madison County
Most Madison County residents are served by a public water system, not a private well. If that's you, open your city's tap-water quality report:
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Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Test
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Find a state-certified lab
Test your Madison County well through a lab certified by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources.
Recognize & research well-water problems
Notice a problem? Diagnose it by symptom
Learn about these contaminants in drinking water
Data sources
Madison County's estimates are modeled from public federal datasets. See the data & methodology for how we build, source, and validate them.
- USGS arsenic probability-of-exceedance model
- USGS nitrate predicted concentration, domestic-supply depth
- USGS domestic (private) well population density
- USGS principal aquifers
- USDA NASS Cropland Data Layer (CDL) 30m
- EPA/USGS Water Quality Portal (waterqualitydata.us)
- US Census TIGER/Line county polygons
By TapWaterData Editorial · Last updated June 26, 2026.
Madison County well water FAQ
How do I test my well water in Madison County?
Order a sample kit covering the recommended panel for Madison County (coliform), then send it to a Georgia-certified drinking-water laboratory. Certified labs use EPA-approved methods, so the results are defensible for a federally-backed home loan. You can also use a mail-in test kit for a convenient EPA-certified analysis.
What does the USGS arsenic estimate mean for my well?
It is an area estimate, not a prediction for your specific well. The USGS model describes how likely elevated arsenic is across Madison County as a whole; an individual well in the county can be much higher or much lower. Only testing your own well reveals its actual arsenic level.
How often should a private well be tested?
The CDC recommends testing private wells at least once a year for total coliform bacteria and nitrate, and more often if you notice a change in taste, color, or odor, or after flooding or nearby construction.
Does Georgia require well testing?
Federal FHA, VA, and USDA home-loan programs require a private-well water test at the point of a federally-backed loan. A state sale, rental, or recurring testing mandate was not independently verified for this state — consult your state's program.
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