Chromium (VI)
Health Effects
Ingesting high levels of chromium(VI) may result in anemia or damage to the stomach or intestines. The main health problems seen in animals following ingestion of chromium(VI) compounds are irritation and ulcers in the stomach and small intestine, and anemia. DHHS, IARC and EPA have determined that chromium(VI) compounds are known human carcinogens; an increase in stomach tumors was observed in humans and animals exposed to chromium(VI) in drinking water. Chromium(III), by contrast, is an essential nutrient and its compounds are much less toxic.
Source: ATSDR — ToxFAQs / Toxicological Profile (retrieved 2026-07-27)
Common Sources
- Erosion of natural chromium deposits in rocks and soil
- Discharge from steel, pulp and metal-plating industries
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Where is Chromium (VI) Found?
Chromium (VI) has been detected above EPA health guidelines in 7 cities serving 0.2M people across the US.
and 2 more cities
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