Disinfection Byproducts

Dichloroacetic Acid (DCA)

Member of haloacetic acids (HAAs) that form as byproducts when chlorine reacts with organic matter

Health Guideline Level (HGL)

0 ppb

Maximum level that poses minimal health risk based on the latest science

Health Effects

Health protective benchmarks for DCA are based on evidence of increased cancer risk and liver toxicity observed in animal studies. Adverse effects to the male reproductive system have also been associated with elevated levels of DCA in animal studies. The EPA classifies DCA as a likely human carcinogen.

Affected Organs & Systems:

Reproductive M
Carcinogens
Liver

Common Sources

  • Chlorine disinfection interacting with naturally occurring organic matter in distribution systems
  • Levels usually higher in surface water than groundwater
  • Industrial release or natural chlorination of organic matter

How to Remove It

Water filters certified under the following NSF standards are effective at removing Dichloroacetic Acid (DCA):

Health Guideline Level

The HGL represents the maximum level that poses minimal health risk based on the latest scientific research. It's often more protective than federal legal limits.

Contaminant Type

Dichloroacetic Acid (DCA) is classified as a Disinfection Byproducts contaminant.

This contaminant primarily affects the reproductive-m, carcinogens, and other systems.

Check Your Water

Find out if Dichloroacetic Acid (DCA) is in your tap water.

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